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docs/subscribe/api.md
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# Subscribe via API
You can create and subscribe to a topic either in the [web UI](web.md), via the [phone app](phone.md), or in your own
app or script by subscribing the API. This page describes how to subscribe via API. You may also want to check out the
page that describes how to [publish messages](../publish.md).
The subscription API relies on a simple HTTP GET request with a streaming HTTP response, i.e **you open a GET request and
the connection stays open forever**, sending messages back as they come in. There are three different API endpoints, which
only differ in the response format:
* [JSON stream](#subscribe-as-json-stream): `<topic>/json` returns a JSON stream, with one JSON message object per line
* [SSE stream](#subscribe-as-sse-stream): `<topic>/sse` returns messages as [Server-Sent Events (SSE)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server-sent_events), which
can be used with [EventSource](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/EventSource)
* [Raw stream](#subscribe-as-raw-stream): `<topic>/raw` returns messages as raw text, with one line per message
## Subscribe as JSON stream
Here are a few examples of how to consume the JSON endpoint (`<topic>/json`). For almost all languages, **this is the
recommended way to subscribe to a topic**. The notable exception is JavaScript, for which the
[SSE/EventSource stream](#subscribe-as-sse-stream) is much easier to work with.
=== "Command line (curl)"
```
$ curl -s ntfy.sh/disk-alerts/json
{"id":"SLiKI64DOt","time":1635528757,"event":"open","topic":"mytopic"}
{"id":"hwQ2YpKdmg","time":1635528741,"event":"message","topic":"mytopic","message":"Disk full"}
{"id":"DGUDShMCsc","time":1635528787,"event":"keepalive","topic":"mytopic"}
...
```
=== "HTTP"
``` http
GET /disk-alerts/json HTTP/1.1
Host: ntfy.sh
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/x-ndjson; charset=utf-8
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
## Fetching cached messages
{"id":"SLiKI64DOt","time":1635528757,"event":"open","topic":"mytopic"}
{"id":"hwQ2YpKdmg","time":1635528741,"event":"message","topic":"mytopic","message":"Disk full"}
{"id":"DGUDShMCsc","time":1635528787,"event":"keepalive","topic":"mytopic"}
...
```
=== "Go"
``` go
resp, err := http.Get("https://ntfy.sh/disk-alerts/json")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
scanner := bufio.NewScanner(resp.Body)
for scanner.Scan() {
println(scanner.Text())
}
```
=== "PHP"
``` php-inline
$fp = fopen('https://ntfy.sh/disk-alerts/json', 'r');
if (!$fp) die('cannot open stream');
while (!feof($fp)) {
echo fgets($fp, 2048);
flush();
}
fclose($fp);
```
## Subscribe as SSE stream
Using [EventSource](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/EventSource) in JavaScript, you can consume
notifications via a [Server-Sent Events (SSE)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server-sent_events) stream. It's incredibly
easy to use. Here's what it looks like. You may also want to check out the [live example](/example.html).
=== "Command line (curl)"
```
$ curl -s ntfy.sh/mytopic/sse
event: open
data: {"id":"weSj9RtNkj","time":1635528898,"event":"open","topic":"mytopic"}
data: {"id":"p0M5y6gcCY","time":1635528909,"event":"message","topic":"mytopic","message":"Hi!"}
event: keepalive
data: {"id":"VNxNIg5fpt","time":1635528928,"event":"keepalive","topic":"test"}
...
```
=== "HTTP"
``` http
GET /mytopic/sse HTTP/1.1
Host: ntfy.sh
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/event-stream; charset=utf-8
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
event: open
data: {"id":"weSj9RtNkj","time":1635528898,"event":"open","topic":"mytopic"}
data: {"id":"p0M5y6gcCY","time":1635528909,"event":"message","topic":"mytopic","message":"Hi!"}
event: keepalive
data: {"id":"VNxNIg5fpt","time":1635528928,"event":"keepalive","topic":"test"}
...
```
=== "JavaScript"
``` javascript
const eventSource = new EventSource('https://ntfy.sh/mytopic/sse');
eventSource.onmessage = (e) => {
console.log(e.data);
};
```
## Subscribe as raw stream
The `/raw` endpoint will output one line per message, and **will only include the message body**. It's useful for extremely
simple scripts, and doesn't include all the data. Additional fields such as [priority](../publish.md#message-priority),
[tags](../publish.md#tags--emojis--) or [message title](../publish.md#message-title) are not included in this output
format. Keepalive messages are sent as empty lines.
=== "Command line (curl)"
```
$ curl -s ntfy.sh/disk-alerts/raw
Disk full
...
```
=== "HTTP"
``` http
GET /disk-alerts/raw HTTP/1.1
Host: ntfy.sh
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Disk full
...
```
=== "Go"
``` go
resp, err := http.Get("https://ntfy.sh/disk-alerts/raw")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
scanner := bufio.NewScanner(resp.Body)
for scanner.Scan() {
println(scanner.Text())
}
```
=== "PHP"
``` php-inline
$fp = fopen('https://ntfy.sh/disk-alerts/raw', 'r');
if (!$fp) die('cannot open stream');
while (!feof($fp)) {
echo fgets($fp, 2048);
flush();
}
fclose($fp);
```
## JSON message format
Both the [`/json` endpoint](#subscribe-as-json-stream) and the [`/sse` endpoint](#subscribe-as-sse-stream) return a JSON
format of the message. It's very straight forward:
| Field | Required | Type | Example | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| `id` | ✔️ | *string* | `hwQ2YpKdmg` | Randomly chosen message identifier |
| `time` | ✔️ | *int* | 1635528741 | Message date time, as Unix time stamp |
| `event` | ✔️ | `open`, `keepalive` or `message` | `message` | Message type, typically you'd be only interested in `message` |
| `topic` | ✔️ | *string* | `topic1,topic2` | Comma-separated list of topics the message is associated with; only one for all `message` events, but may be a list in `open` events |
| `message` | - | *string* | `Some message` | Message body; always present in `message` events |
| `title` | - | *string* | `Some title` | Message [title](../publish.md#message-title); if not set defaults to `ntfy.sh/<topic>` |
| `tags` | - | *string array* | `["tag1","tag2"]` | List of [tags](../publish.md#tags--emojis--) that may or not map to emojis |
| `priority` | - | *1, 2, 3, 4, or 5* | `4` | Message [priority](../publish.md#message-priority) with 1=min, 3=default and 5=max |
Here's an example for each message type:
=== "Notification message"
``` json
{
"id": "wze9zgqK41",
"time": 1638542110,
"event": "message",
"topic": "phil_alerts",
"priority": 5,
"tags": [
"warning",
"skull"
],
"title": "Unauthorized access detected",
"message": "Remote access to phils-laptop detected. Act right away."
}
```
=== "Notification message (minimal)"
``` json
{
"id": "wze9zgqK41",
"time": 1638542110,
"event": "message",
"topic": "phil_alerts",
"message": "Remote access to phils-laptop detected. Act right away."
}
```
=== "Open message"
``` json
{
"id": "2pgIAaGrQ8",
"time": 1638542215,
"event": "open",
"topic": "phil_alerts"
}
```
=== "Keepalive message"
``` json
{
"id": "371sevb0pD",
"time": 1638542275,
"event": "keepalive",
"topic": "phil_alerts"
}
```
## Advanced features
### Fetching cached messages
Messages may be cached for a couple of hours (see [message caching](../config.md#message-cache)) to account for network
interruptions of subscribers. If the server has configured message caching, you can read back what you missed by using
the `since=` query parameter. It takes either a duration (e.g. `10m` or `30s`), a Unix timestamp (e.g. `1635528757`)
@ -10,7 +239,7 @@ or `all` (all cached messages).
curl -s "ntfy.sh/mytopic/json?since=10m"
```
## Polling
### Polling
You can also just poll for messages if you don't like the long-standing connection using the `poll=1`
query parameter. The connection will end after all available messages have been read. This parameter can be
combined with `since=` (defaults to `since=all`).
@ -19,7 +248,7 @@ combined with `since=` (defaults to `since=all`).
curl -s "ntfy.sh/mytopic/json?poll=1"
```
## Subscribing to multiple topics
### Subscribing to multiple topics
It's possible to subscribe to multiple topics in one HTTP call by providing a
comma-separated list of topics in the URL. This allows you to reduce the number of connections you have to maintain:

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docs/subscribe/phone.md
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@ -3,5 +3,20 @@ You can use the [ntfy Android App](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id
notifications directly on your phone. Just like the server, this app is also [open source](https://github.com/binwiederhier/ntfy-android).
Since I don't have an iPhone or a Mac, I didn't make an iOS app yet. I'd be awesome if [someone else could help out](https://github.com/binwiederhier/ntfy/issues/4).
<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=io.heckel.ntfy"><img src="static/img/badge-googleplay.png"></a>
<a href="https://github.com/binwiederhier/ntfy/issues/4"><img src="static/img/badge-appstore.png"></a>
## Android
You can get the Android app from both [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=io.heckel.ntfy) and
from [F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/io.heckel.ntfy/). Both are largely identical, with the one exception that
the F-Droid flavor does not use Firebase.
<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=io.heckel.ntfy"><img src="../../static/img/badge-googleplay.png"></a>
<a href="https://f-droid.org/en/packages/io.heckel.ntfy/"><img src="../../static/img/badge-fdroid.png"></a>
### Firebase + Instant delivery
## iPhone/iOS
I almost feel devious for putting the *Download on the App Store* button on this page. Currently, there is no iOS app
for ntfy, but it's in the works. You can track the status on GitHub.
<a href="https://github.com/binwiederhier/ntfy/issues/4"><img src="../../static/img/badge-appstore.png"></a>

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docs/subscribe/web.md
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# Subscribe from the web UI
# Subscribe from the Web UI
You can use the Web UI to subscribe to topics as well. If you do, and you keep the website open, **notifications will
pop up as desktop notifications**. Simply type in the topic name and click the *Subscribe* button. The browser will
keep a connection open and listen for incoming notifications.
<figure markdown>
![web subscribe](../static/img/screenshot-web.png){ width=300 }
<figcaption>Subscribe via Web UI</figcaption>
</figure>
Once subscribed, you can [publish messages](../publish.md) via `curl` or from without any of your scripts.