Improve web push docs
nimbleghost
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@ -178,3 +178,4 @@ Third party libraries and resources:
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* [Regex for auto-linking](https://github.com/bryanwoods/autolink-js) (MIT) is used to highlight links (the library is not used)
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* [Statically linking go-sqlite3](https://www.arp242.net/static-go.html)
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* [Linked tabs in mkdocs](https://facelessuser.github.io/pymdown-extensions/extensions/tabbed/#linked-tabs)
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* [webpush-go](https://github.com/SherClockHolmes/webpush-go) (MIT) is used to send web push notifications
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@ -789,6 +789,55 @@ Note that the self-hosted server literally sends the message `New message` for e
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may be `Some other message`. This is so that if iOS cannot talk to the self-hosted server (in time, or at all),
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it'll show `New message` as a popup.
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## Web Push notifications
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[Web Push](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) ([RFC8030](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8030))
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is supported, but needs a little configuration to enable it. Since there is no central server (other than the browser's push endpoint),
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you have to configure your own [VAPID](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-thomson-webpush-vapid) keys. These identify the publisher,
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and are used to encrypt the messages before sending them to the push endpoint.
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Limitations:
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- Like foreground browser notifications, background push notifications require the web app to be served over HTTPS. A _valid_
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certificate is required, as service workers will not run on origins with untrusted certificates.
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- Web Push is only supported for the same server. You cannot use subscribe to web push on a topic on another server. This
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is due to a limitation of the Push API, which doesn't allow multiple push servers for the same origin.
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To configure VAPID keys, first generate them:
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```sh
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$ ntfy web-push generate-keys
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Keys generated.
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VAPID Public Key:
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AA1234BBCCddvveekaabcdfqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnm1234567890
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VAPID Private Key:
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AA2BB1234567890abcdefzxcvbnm1234567890
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```
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Then copy the generated values into your `server.yml` or use the corresponding environment variables or command line arguments:
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```yaml
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web-push-enabled: true
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web-push-public-key: AA1234BBCCddvveekaabcdfqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnm1234567890
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web-push-private-key: AA2BB1234567890abcdefzxcvbnm1234567890
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web-push-subscriptions-file: /var/cache/ntfy/subscriptions.db
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web-push-email-address: sysadmin@example.com
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# don't forget to set the required base-url for web push notifications
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base-url: https://ntfy.example.com
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```
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The `web-push-subscriptions-file` is used to store the push subscriptions. Subscriptions do not ever expire automatically, unless the push
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gateway returns an error (e.g. 410 Gone when a user has unsubscribed).
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The web app refreshes subscriptions on start and regularly on an interval, but this file should be persisted across restarts. If the subscription
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file is deleted or lost, any web apps that aren't open will not receive new web push notifications until you open then.
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Changing your public/private keypair is NOT recommended. Browsers only allow one server identity (public key) per origin, and
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if you change them the clients will not be able to subscribe via web push until the user manually clears the notification permission.
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## Tiers
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ntfy supports associating users to pre-defined tiers. Tiers can be used to grant users higher limits, such as
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daily message limits, attachment size, or make it possible for users to reserve topics. If [payments are enabled](#payments),
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@ -1,9 +1,17 @@
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# Using the web app as an installed PWA
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# Using the web app as an installed web app
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While ntfy doesn't have a native desktop app, it is built as a [progressive web app](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Progressive_web_apps)
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and thus can be installed on both desktop and mobile.
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This gives it its own launcher (e.g. shortcut on Windows, app on macOS, launcher shortcut on Linux) own window,
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push notifications, and an app badge with the unread notification count.
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To receive background notifications, either the browser or the installed web app must be open.
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Web app installation is supported on Chrome and Edge on desktop, as well as Chrome on Android and Safari on iOS.
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Look at the [compatibility table](https://caniuse.com/web-app-manifest) for more info.
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While ntfy doesn't have a built desktop app, it is built as a progressive web app and can be installed.
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This is supported on Chrome and Edge on desktop, as well as Chrome on Android and Safari on iOS.
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[caniuse reference](https://caniuse.com/web-app-manifest)
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<div id="pwa-screenshots" class="screenshots">
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<a href="../../static/img/pwa.png"><img src="../../static/img/pwa.png"/></a>
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@ -7,35 +7,37 @@ enable them for the first time, you will be prompted to allow notifications on y
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- **Sound only**
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If you don't enable browser notifications, a sound will play when a new notification comes in, and the tab title
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will show the number of new notifications.
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If you don't enable browser notifications, a sound will play when a new notification comes in, and the tab title
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will show the number of new notifications.
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- **Browser Notifications**
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This requires an active ntfy tab to be open to receive notifications. These are typically instantaneous, and will
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appear as a system notification. If you don't see these, check that your browser is allowed to show notifications
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(for example in System Settings on macOS).
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This requires an active ntfy tab to be open to receive notifications. These are typically instantaneous, and will
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appear as a system notification. If you don't see these, check that your browser is allowed to show notifications
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(for example in System Settings on macOS).
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If you don't want to enable background notifications, pinning the ntfy tab on your browser is a good solution to leave
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it running.
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If you don't want to enable background notifications, pinning the ntfy tab on your browser is a good solution to leave
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it running.
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- **Background Notifications**
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This uses the [Web Push API](https://caniuse.com/push-api). You don't need an active ntfy tab open, but in some
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cases you may need to keep your browser open.
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This uses the [Web Push API](https://caniuse.com/push-api). You don't need an active ntfy tab open, but in some
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cases you may need to keep your browser open.
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Background notifications are only supported on the same server hosting the web app. You cannot use another server,
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but can instead subscribe on the other server itself.
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| Browser | Platform | Browser Running | Browser Not Running | Notes |
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| ------- | -------- | --------------- | ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
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| Chrome | Desktop | ✅ | ❌ | |
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| Firefox | Desktop | ✅ | ❌ | |
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| Edge | Desktop | ✅ | ❌ | |
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| Opera | Desktop | ✅ | ❌ | |
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| Safari | Desktop | ✅ | ✅ | requires Safari 16.1, macOS 13 Ventura |
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| Chrome | Android | ✅ | ✅ | |
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| Safari | iOS | ⚠️ | ⚠️ | requires iOS 16.4, only when app is added to homescreen |
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(Browsers below 1% usage not shown, look at the Push API link for more info)
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| Browser | Platform | Browser Running | Browser Not Running | Restrictions |
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| ------- | -------- | --------------- | ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
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| Chrome | Desktop | ✅ | ❌ | |
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| Firefox | Desktop | ✅ | ❌ | |
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| Edge | Desktop | ✅ | ❌ | |
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| Opera | Desktop | ✅ | ❌ | |
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| Safari | Desktop | ✅ | ✅ | requires Safari 16.1, macOS 13 Ventura |
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| Chrome | Android | ✅ | ✅ | |
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| Safari | iOS | ⚠️ | ⚠️ | requires iOS 16.4, only when app is added to homescreen |
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(Browsers below 1% usage not shown, look at the [Push API](https://caniuse.com/push-api) for more info)
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To learn how to send messages, check out the [publishing page](../publish.md).
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